Smoking (quitting)
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Source: NHS
In this topic (5)
The main reason that people smoke is because they are addicted to nicotine.
NRT is a medication that provides you with a low level of nicotine, without the tar, carbon monoxide and other poisonous chemicals present in tobacco smoke.
It can help reduce unpleasant withdrawal effects, such as bad moods and cravings , which may occur when you stop smoking.
Where to get it and how to use it
NRTcan bebought from pharmacies and some shops. It's also available on prescription from a doctor or NHS stop smoking service.
It's available as:
- skinpatches
- chewing gum
- inhalators (which look likeplastic cigarettes)
- tablets, oral stripsand lozenges
- nasal and mouth spray
Patches release nicotine slowly.Some are worn all the time and some should be taken off at night. Inhalators, gum and sprays act more quickly and may be better for alleviating cravings.
There's no evidence that any single type of NRT is more effective than another. But there is good evidence to show that using a combination of NRT is more effective than using a single product.
Often the best way to use NRT is to combine a patch with a faster acting form such as gum, inhalator or nasal spray.
Treatment with NRT usually lasts 8-12 weeks, before you gradually reduce the dose and eventually stop.
Who can use it
Most people are able to use NRT, including:
- adults and children over 12 years of age although children under 18 shouldn't use the lozenges without getting medical advice first
- pregnant women your doctor may suggest NRT if they think it would help you quit; read more about stopping smoking in pregnancy
- breastfeeding women your doctor can advise you how to do this safely
Always read the packet or leaflet before using NRT to check whether it's suitable for you.
Sometimes it may beadvisable to get medical advice first, for example if you have kidney or liver problems , or you've recently had a Myocardial infarction or stroke .
Possible side effects
Side effects of NRT can include:
- skin irritation when using patches
- irritation of nose, throat or eyes when using a nasal spray
- difficulty sleeping (insomnia) , sometimes with vivid dreams
- an upset stomach
- dizziness
- headaches
Any side effects are usually mild. But if they're particularly troublesome, contact your GP as the dose or type of NRT may need to be changed.
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